Saturday, 14 December 2024

Belief in Prophethood (Nubuwwah) in Islam

Belief in Prophethood (Nubuwwah) in Islam 

Nubuwwah (Prophethood) is one of the core beliefs in Islam and a key aspect of the Six Articles of Faith (Iman). It refers to the belief that Allah sent prophets and messengers to guide humanity to the right path. Without belief in prophethood, a person cannot be considered a Muslim. 

1.      Meaning of Nubuwwah (Prophethood)

The term Nubuwwah (نبوّة) comes from the Arabic root word "naba", meaning "news" or "information." A Nabi (Prophet) is someone who receives divine guidance or news from Allah to convey it to people. 

A Prophet (Nabi) receives guidance for himself and others but may not be given a new set of laws. 

A Messenger (Rasul) is sent with a specific mission and may receive a new divine book or law. 

While all messengers are prophets, not all prophets are messengers. 

2.      Role of Prophets in Islam

Prophets serve as spiritual leaders, role models, and guides for their people. Their role includes: 

1.         Delivering the Message of Allah: Conveying Allah's commandments, teachings, and moral guidance. 

2.         Teaching Monotheism (Tawhid): Calling people to the worship of one God (Allah) and rejecting idolatry, polytheism, and false beliefs. 

3.         Providing Role Models for Humanity: Prophets demonstrate how to live righteously according to divine law. 

4.         Warning Against Sin and Disobedience: They warn people of the consequences of sin and disbelief. 

5.         Giving Glad Tidings of Paradise: They encourage people to follow Allah's guidance for success in the Hereafter. 

3.      Characteristics of Prophets

Prophets possess several essential qualities, which distinguish them from ordinary people: 

Truthfulness (Sidq): Prophets never lie; they are always honest in their words and actions. 

Trustworthiness (Amanah): Prophets are reliable and trustworthy, ensuring they fulfill Allah’s commands. 

Intelligence (Fatanah): Prophets have sharp intellects to guide and communicate effectively with their people. 

Infallibility (Ismah): Prophets are free from major sins, though they may make minor mistakes, which Allah corrects. 

Delivering the Message (Tabligh): Prophets deliver Allah's message fully and do not hide or alter it. 

4.      Major Prophets and Messengers in Islam

Islam acknowledges the prophethood of many individuals, but 25 prophets are explicitly mentioned in the Qur'an. Among them, some of the most well-known prophets are: 

1.         Adam (AS) – The first prophet and the first human being. 

2.         Nuh (Noah, AS) – Warned his people of a great flood. 

3.         Ibrahim (Abraham, AS) – Known as the "Friend of Allah" and a key figure in monotheism. 

4.         Musa (Moses, AS) – Received the Torah and led his people from Egypt. 

5.         Dawud (David, AS) – A prophet and king who received the Psalms (Zabur). 

6.         Isa (Jesus, AS) – Born miraculously and performed many miracles. He received the Injeel (Gospel). 

7.         Muhammad (PBUH) – The final prophet and "Seal of the Prophets." He received the Qur'an as the final revelation. 

These prophets were chosen by Allah to lead humanity back to the path of Tawhid (Oneness of Allah) and righteousness. 

5.      The Final Prophet: Muhammad (PBUH)

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the last and final prophet, and his message is universal for all of humanity. 

He received the Qur'an, which serves as a complete and unaltered source of guidance for all people. 

Unlike previous prophets, Muhammad (PBUH) was sent as a "Mercy to all the worlds" (Qur'an 21:107) and not just to a specific nation or tribe. 

Since he is the "Seal of the Prophets," no prophet will come after him. 

6.      Belief in All Prophets

Muslims are required to believe in all prophets mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah. It is a mandatory part of Iman (faith). 

"The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers." (Qur'an 2:285) 

Rejecting even one prophet is considered disbelief. For instance, if someone accepts Muhammad (PBUH) but denies Jesus (AS) or Moses (AS), they are not considered a Muslim. 

7.      The Importance of Belief in Prophethood

Believing in prophethood has profound implications for a Muslim's life: 

1.         Affirmation of Faith: Recognizing Allah's mercy in sending prophets to guide humanity. 

2.         Moral and Ethical Guidance: Prophets serve as perfect role models for how to live a righteous life. 

3.         Submission to Allah's Will: Accepting the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah as divine guidance. 

4.         Unity of Message: Prophets came with a unified message — worship Allah alone and avoid false gods. 

8.      Qur'anic Evidence for Belief in Prophethood

The Qur'an repeatedly emphasizes the role of prophets and the obligation to believe in them: 

1.         Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light. The prophets who submitted [to Allah] judged by it for the Jews." (Qur'an 5:44) 

2.         And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], 'Worship Allah and avoid Taghut (false gods).'" (Qur'an 16:36) 

3.         Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but [he is] the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets." (Qur'an 33:40) 

9.      Violations of Belief in Prophethood

The following are some acts that contradict belief in prophethood: 

Rejecting a Prophet: Denying the prophethood of any prophet, such as denying the prophethood of Isa (Jesus) or Musa (Moses). 

Claiming New Prophets: Believing that there are prophets after Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). 

Distorting the Teachings of Prophets: Altering or disregarding the message and guidance brought by the prophets. 

Conclusion

Belief in prophethood (Nubuwwah) is a vital part of being a Muslim. It acknowledges that Allah, in His mercy, sent prophets as guides and role models to help humanity worship Allah alone and avoid misguidance. While all prophets preached the message of Tawhid (Oneness of Allah), Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is considered the final prophet with a universal message for all of humanity. Believing in all prophets and following the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is essential for salvation and success in this life and the Hereafter.

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